2012年12月6日 · What determines charge of the molecule, is the number of protons and all electrons. The difference between the neutral hydroxyl and the negative hydroxide anion is one electron. Look up how the hydroxide anion is made from a molecule of water (autoprotolysis of water): H2O => H+ + OH- The hydrogen there gives its electron to OH-$\endgroup$ –

2023年5月23日 · I attempted to draw the molecular orbital (MO) diagram of the hydroxide anion. I have shown the one with electron filling according to Aufbau principle and the one with a simple fix I applied to correct the bond order. The bonding ($\sigma_1$ and $\sigma_2$) and anti-bonding ($\sigma^\ast_1$ and $\sigma^\ast_2$) orbitals have been highlighted:

I know that nucleophilicity order depends on what type of solvent we take, polar protic or polar aprotic and also on the basicity of nucleophile. In DMF, which is a better nucleophile $\\ce{NH2-}...

2016年12月29日 · Hydroxide - Hydroxide is a diatomic anion with chemical formula $\ce{OH-}$. It consists of a hydrogen and an oxygen atom held together by a covalent bond, and carries a negative electric charge. Hydroxyl radical- {hydro- + oxy(gen) + -yl + radical} - The hydroxyl radical, •OH, is the neutral form of the hydroxide ion (OH-1). It is the ...

2014年8月3日 · Like for example theoretically sodium oxides could form from the $\ce{OH-}$ taking a proton from another hydroxide anion thus giving you $\ce{O^2-}$ which could react with the sodium to give you $\ce{Na2O}$ which is a sodium oxide. So hydroxide ion reacts as an acid and abstracts a proton from another hydroxide ion.

2023年3月12日 · Meanwhile, LiOH has a metal ionically bound to a covalently bound hydroxide ion. When it enters water, the strong hydrogen bonds rip apart the covalent bond between lithium and the hydroxide ion. The positively charged lithium ion is hydrated by water molecules with the oxygen end facing the lithium. And vice versa for hydroxide.

2022年10月21日 · Hydroxide anion would react with both $\ce{NH4+}$ cation and $\ce{H+}$ cation because of their strength ($\ce{OH-}$ is a strong base). So as you can see $\ce{NH4Cl}$ is an acid salt because the solution that remains after its addition into water contains $\ce{H+}$ produced from the hydrolysis of ammonium cation.

2023年4月16日 · One source of hydrogen atoms is surreptitious water with a bond dissociation energy (BDE) of 119 kcal/mol. Alternatively, hydroxide has a BDE of 110 kcal/mol. There is the possibility that, under the vigorous conditions of the reaction, addition of hydroxide to the carbonyl group of the benzoate anion 1 occurs to form adduct 2.

2022年10月8日 · In the case of sodium hydroxide, it just shows the $\ce{Na+}$ cation and the $\ce{OH-}$ anion dissociate in solution. But by that logic, nitric acid in water should be $\ce{NO3- + H+}$ , which shouldn't be the case.

Take a look at the pkb value of hydroxide ion and visualize the equilibrium populations in your head. Another possible approach would be to compare the electronic structures of the species. Oxide anion has twice the negative load of the hydroxide ion. Hydroxide ion has one hydrogen to relieve the stress.