waterwheel, mechanical device for tapping the energy of running or falling water by means of a set of paddles mounted around a wheel. The force of the moving water is exerted against the paddles, and the consequent rotation of the wheel is transmitted to …

The Egyptian water wheel, also known as the sakia or shaduf, was a simple yet effective irrigation device used in ancient Egypt to lift water from the Nile River or other water sources for agricultural purposes.

Early Mediterranean evidence of a saqiya is from a tomb painting in Ptolemaic Egypt that dates to the 2nd century BCE. It shows a pair of yoked oxen driving a compartmented waterwheel. The saqiya gear system is already shown fully developed to the point that "modern Egyptian devices are virtually identical". [27]

2018年4月30日 · The Egyptian waterwheel (noria) is thought to be the first vertical (horizontal axis) waterwheel and was invented by the Romans ca. 600–700 BC. It consists of a wooden wheel, powered by water flow and fitted with buckets that lifted water for irrigating nearby lands.

2016年1月1日 · The saqiya, probably introduced from Persia, is a waterwheel made of a circle of buckets wherein each bucket draws water up directly from the river or a canal when at the bottom of the circle. It is poured out when the bucket gets to the top; the water then flows into a canal to be drawn onto the fields (Ritner, 1998 , p. 2).

Paddle-driven water-lifting wheels had appeared in ancient Egypt by the 4th century BC. [9] According to John Peter Oleson, both the compartmented wheel and the hydraulic noria appeared in Egypt by the 4th century BC, with the saqiyah being invented there a century later.

2022年11月23日 · Early Mediterranean evidence of a sakia is from a tomb painting in Ptolemaic Egypt that dates to the 2nd century BCE. It shows a pair of yoked oxen driving a compartmented waterwheel. The sakia gear system is already shown fully developed to the point that "modern Egyptian devices are virtually identical".

2020年3月18日 · In the heart of the Al-Fayoum Governorate, a series of ancient waterwheels stand as a symbol of ingenuity and beauty. Known as The Seven Waterwheels, these engineering marvels are not only unique to the province but also a spectacle of functionality and aesthetics.

2010年1月1日 · Lift irrigation coupled with the entrepreneurial system allowed Egyptian agriculture to expand and intensify during the Ptolemaic times. The waterwheel (saqiya) enabled the reclamation of the Fayum depression, which had formed the lake and allowed the storage of high floods since the Middle Kingdom.

Helwan, Egypt; shows a traditional saqiyah, a waterwheel drawn by water buffalo. The animals are hitched to the wooden poles which are attached to a metal spindle. As they walk around the hollow wheel, the spindle rotates and drives the wheel which is half-submerged in water.